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A town and seaside
resort, situated terrace-like on a small bay on the Black Sea,
31 km North of Varna, 37 km south-east of Dobrich and 500 km
East from Sofia. Third in significance Bulgarian port after
Varna and Bourgas, used for medium-size passenger and trade
vessels. Population of 13 500.
It springs to life towards the end of the 6th century B.C. as
the ancient Greek colony Crunoi (later Dionysopolis) in place of
a Chalcolithic (4th-3rd millennium B.C.) and a Thracian (1st
millennium B.C.) settlement.
The exceptional
view of the town from the sea impressed the great Ovid who
exclaimed: "O white stone town, I salute thee for thy inimitable
beauty!". The Milesian colonists believed that the goddess of
beauty, Aphrodite, was born there out of the sea foam. The
spouting karst springs gave the town its first name Krunoi
(meaning spring or source in Old Greek). The next name was
Dionysopolis. During the Middle Ages the town was named after
the local feudal lord, Balik In Roman times it has the statute
of a municipius. Later on it was included in the territory of
Bulgaria. In 13th - 14th century it moved to Dzhina Bair, a
natural fortification. It was ruled by the Boyar Balik, and so
it was called Balchik. After the Crimean War (1853 - 1856) the
town flourished and grew into a big corn-trading centre.
After the Balkan
War in 1913 it was included in the territories of Romania.
Struck by the natural beauty of the place Queen Maria built a
palace and a botanical garden, a chapel and a villa complex for
the Romanian aristocrats.
The town turned into a luxurious resort at that time.
After 1940 Balchik was again included in Bulgarian territory.
The town has many historic and natural attractions, narrow beach
strips, hotels, camping grounds.
Apart from the palace, the palace complex and the botanical
garden - the biggest and most diverse in the Balkans, the town
is attractive to tourists with its ancient atmosphere that has
been preserved for centuries now.
It is
interesting to walk along and observe the Tatar Quarter with the
pebbled streets and the houses made of stone and adobe.
The old palace - built in 1924-1931 by the request of the
Romanian queen Maria. The authors of the construction design are
Italian architects.
The Art Gallery of the town is very interesting.
The local museum is housed there as well. The coastal alley, 4
km long, is a nice place to stroll, so are the harbour and the
small streets around. There is a small ethnographic museum and a
beautiful old church called St. Nikola Church (1866). The
Revival complex with the old school in the town is quite well
preserved.
Apart from the
big restaurants in the palace, in the hotels and downtown, there
are a number of small private restau rants, coastal stalls
offering seafood, pizzas, spaghetti and other kinds of European
cuisine. The grocer's shops are a good opportunity for practical
tourists who cook for themselves.
How to reach Balchik. There is regular bus transport from/ to
Sofia, Dob rich, Varna and Albena. Apart from buses, there are
numerous taxis and private mini-buses, boats and water transport
to other beach resorts on the Black Sea.
Near Balchik. The area of Touzlata is located 4 km east of the
town and is well known for its curing mud. A spa-centre was
built t here beside the two lakes, formed by old landslides. The
lake bottom is covered with black hydrogen sulphide peloid It
receives patients suffering from joint disorders. A large
recreational complex, a lot of villas, bungalows and a camping
site are built here. There is a mineral spring with water
temperature of 31°C.
Near Balchik are
the two big camping sites - Sandrino Camping and Belia Bryag
Camping. They offer various opportunities for rest and water
sports, clubs, bars, numerous bungalows for tourists having no
camping equipment, small restaurants and stalls for sea and
continental food.
15 kilometres south-west of Balchik is the village of
Obrochishte with a well-preserved fortress dating back to the
early Ottoman rule.
Apart from the main stream of the tourists visiting Bulgaria and
by all means not very known to the world, Balchik was preserved
until today in its own multicultural authenticity. In this small
town and in the region are living peacefully people whose
ancestors are (in order of settling) ancient Greeks, Bulgarians,
Turks, Tatars, Romanians.
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